Titanium Gr3

Titanium Grade 3 is a commercially pure titanium alloy with higher strength than Grades 1 and 2, but still has excellent corrosion resistance and good weldability. It is mainly used in applications where strength and corrosion resistance are required at the same time, for example in pressurized systems, chemical industry and marine environments.

Recommended filler material for welding: Titanium Grade 3 or equivalent titanium-based filler materials.

General material description:
Type: Commercially pure titanium (minimum 98.5% Ti), stronger than Grade 1 and 2
Structure: HCP structure (hexagonal close-packed)
Developed for: Applications requiring better strength than Grade 2 but still low weight and corrosion resistance
Alternative names: Titanium Grade 3, CP Titanium Grade 3, UNS R50550, Werkstoffnr 3.7055, ASTM B265

Key benefits:
Higher mechanical strength than Grade 1 and 2
Excellent corrosion resistance in chlorides, seawater and many acids
Good weldability and formability
High toughness even at low temperatures
Low weight – approx. 45% lighter than steel

Disadvantages / Limitations:
Less formable than Grade 1 & 2 – more force required when forming
Not hardenable by heat treatment
Not optimal for very high temperatures (>400°C)

Applications by industry and value:
Chemical process industry: Pressure vessels, pipes, pumps – strength + corrosion resistance
Marine technology / Offshore: Heat exchangers, hull parts, valves – seawater resistance
Energy / Nuclear power: Capacitors, heat transfer systems – stability and low CTE
Paper & pulp: Bleaching equipment – acid resistance
Aviation / Space: Structural components – light weight + moderate strength

General corrosion description:
Passive oxide film provides very high resistance to most corrosive environments
Withstands chlorides, acids and marine conditions very well
Not susceptible to stress corrosion cracking in normal applications

Corrosion environments where the material performs well:
Hot/cold seawater, salt water
Dilute acids – sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid
Chloride solutions and chemicals with high levels of chloride ions
Hydrogen peroxide, organic acids

Corrosion environments where the material should be avoided:
Hydrofluoric acid (HF) – attacks the oxide film
Concentrated sulfuric acid at high temperature
Reducing acids without oxygen supply (e.g. hydrochloric acid)

Technical material properties (annealed condition):
Property (Typical value)
Yield strength (0.2%): ~345–450 MPa
Tensile strength: ~480–620 MPa
Elongation at break: ~18–25%
Density: ~4.51 g/cm³
Elastic modulus: ~105 GPa
Thermal conductivity: ~17 W/m·K
Application temperature: Rec. ≤ 400°C (temporarily up to 500°C)
Weldability: Very good – low risk of cracks
Machinability: Good – but requires robust tools