Titanium Grade 4 (CP Grade 4) – Properties, Applications and Technical Data
Titanium Grade 4 is a commercially pure titanium alloy (≈99.0% Ti) with very high corrosion resistance, low weight and the highest strength of the commercially pure titanium grades (Grades 1–4). Compared to Grades 1–3, Grade 4 has significantly higher mechanical strength due to a slightly higher oxygen content, while the material retains good weldability and long service life in aggressive environments. Grade 4 is often used in the chemical process industry, marine & offshore, heat exchangers and in medical components where CP titanium is desired but with higher strength.
Properties of Titanium Grade 4
Titanium Grade 4 has an HCP (hexagonal close-packed) structure and is unalloyed, but with a higher content of interstitial substances (especially oxygen) than Grade 1–3. This provides increased tensile and tensile strength, while the corrosion resistance remains very high. The material is weldable and is used where one wants to combine corrosion resistance with higher mechanical performance than lower CP grades.
- Type: Unalloyed, commercially pure titanium
- Purity: ≈99.0% Ti
- Structure: HCP (hexagonal close-packed)
- Designations: Titanium Grade 4, CP Grade 4, Titanium Grade 4, UNS R50700, Werkstoffnr 3.7065, ASTM B265, ASTM B348, ISO 5832-2 (medical applications), AMS 4902
Advantages
- Highest strength of commercially pure titanium (Grade 1–4)
- Very high corrosion resistance in chloride and seawater environments
- Low weight – approximately 45% lighter than steel
- Good weldability and long service life in aggressive environments
- Well suited for components with higher mechanical requirements than Grade 1–3
Limitations
- Formability and ductility are lower than for Grade 1–3
- Not hardenable by heat treatment
- Lower strength than alloyed titanium materials (e.g. Titanium Grade 5 / Ti-6Al-4V)
Typical areas of application
Chemical industry
Pipes, tanks, valves and components in corrosive process environments where high corrosion resistance and increased strength required.
Marine & Offshore
Components in seawater-exposed systems, heat exchangers and equipment where both strength and corrosion resistance are crucial.
Energy & Heat Exchangers
Pipes, plates and system components where long service life in chloride and chemical environments is required.
Medical technology
Components and instruments where CP titanium is desired but with higher strength than Grade 1–3 (use is governed by requirements and standards).
Corrosion resistance
Titanium Grade 4 develops a passive oxide film that provides effective protection against corrosion in most oxidizing and chloride-based environments. Like other CP grades, it is highly resistant to seawater and many chemical process environments.
Environments where Titan Grade 4 performs well:
- Seawater, cold and hot
- Chloride solutions (e.g. NaCl, CaCl₂)
- Oxidizing acids (e.g. nitric acid)
- Organic acids, alkaline solutions, hydrogen peroxide
Environments to avoid:
- Hydrofluoric acid (HF)
- High temperatures in reducing acids (e.g. hot sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid)
- Highly concentrated metal chlorides at elevated temperatures
Technical data (annealed condition)
| Yield strength (0.2%): |
~480–620 MPa |
| Tensile strength: |
~550–700 MPa |
| Elongation at break: |
~15–20% |
| Density: |
~4.51 g/cm³ |
| Modulus of elasticity: |
~105 GPa |
| Thermal conductivity: |
~16 W/m·K |
| Recommended maximum temperature: |
≤300°C (shortly up to ~400°C) |
| Weldability: |
Very good – recommended filler material: AWS A5.16 ERTi-4 |
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